PROCEDUR
What is a procedure?
A procedure is a sequence of practical or mechanical steps which are done to achieve a goal or result. Procedure texts can be spoken or written. Knowing much about procedure text is very useful for our daily life, especially later when you work with machines or things that need some peocedures to operate. Principally, procedures deal with how to do, make and use something.
Ciri-ciri Procedure Text:
1. Struktur umumnya (generic structure) terdiri dari:
Goal/Aim: tujuan dan maksud isi teks. Contoh: How to make sandwich…
Material/Tool: bahan atau alat-alat yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat/melakukan sesuatu. Contoh: The materials are as follows: 1. Two slides of bread, 2. Fried-egg, strawberry jam, chocolate sprinkles, ….
Steps/Procedures: langkah-langkah atau prosedur dalam melakukan/membuat sesuatu. Contoh: First, take two slides of bread and
2. Menggunakan tenses “simple present”
3. Sering memakai kalimat Perintah (imperatives/orders). Contoh: Turn on the lamp, Put the rice into the rice cooker, Don’t forget to press the ‘on’ button, …
4. Kata-kata urutan (sequences). Contoh: first, second, then, next, the last, finally…
Generic structure of procedure text
Generic structure components of a procedure:
• GOAL : Title of the text ( e.g.”How to make a cup of coffee milk )
• MATERIALS : Optional, not for all procedural texts
E.g. The ingredients are (especially for a recipe):
• spoonful of sugar
• ………….
• ……….
or, What you need (kitchen utensils):
• A teapot
• ………….
• ………….
STEPS : A series of steps oriented to achieving the Goal
E.g
• Firstly, boil 200 cc of water
• ……….
• …………..
Lexicogrammatical features
The use of Simple present tense, often in an imperative form
E.g. Add some sugar and salt
1. The use of temporal conjunctions ( or numbering to indicate sequence, especially in written text)
a. As the sentence introducers (sequencers), especially in spoken texts:
• First,… Firstly,…….
• Second,…. Secondly,……..
• Then,…….. Thirdly,……….
• After that,……. Afterwards,…..
• Finally,….. Lastly,……..
E.g. After that, put the vegetables into the pan
b. As time introducers, especially in spoken text:
• ………before……
• After…..,…
• When……,….
• While….,…
• ………until……
• During……
E.g. While you are boiling the water, grind the chilies, onions, and salt
contoh Procedure Text 1
Having a kite flying is interesting and make it by self is easy. Prepare the following materials to make a kite:
1) Butcher cord
2) Scotch tape or glue
3) Sheet of strong paper
4) Strong, straight wooden sticks of bamboo
Markers, paint or crayons After the materials have been prepared, the directions bellow is easy instruction on how to make a kite:
1) Make a cross with the two sticks, with the shorter stick placed horizontally across the longer stick.
2) Tie the two sticks together with the string in such a way as to make sure that they are at right angles to each other.
3) Cut a notch at each end of the sticks. Make it deep enough for the type of string you are using to fit in to. Cut a piece of string long enough to stretch all around the kite frame.
4) Lay the sail material flat and place the stick frame face down on top. Cut around it, leaving about 2-3cm for a margin. Fold these edges over and glue it down so that the material is tight.
5) Make a tail by tying a small ribbon roughly every 10cm along the length of string.
6) Decorate your kite with the markers!
contoh Procedure Text 2
Prepare your : - hand phone - battery charger
Steps :
1. Connect the charger to your hand phone, the flash symbol on the charger plug must face upward.
2. Wait until the battery icon appears on the screen.
3. Charge the battery approximately 5 hours or until the battery icon indicates that the battery is fully charged.
4. Remove the charger by pulling out from your hand phone.
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